Assignment 12 (self-evaluation)

Chapter 25 Organic chemistry

1. Write down examples of the most typical reactions for the following classes of organic compounds:

a) Alkanes (p.1073)

C₂H₆ (g) +

b) Alkenes and Alkynes (p. 1077)

C₂H₄ (g) +

cyclopentene +

C₂H₄ (g) +

c) Aromatic hydrocarbons (p.1081)

C₆H₆ +

2. Draw the structures of the following organic compounds:

a) 2-butanol

b) cis-2-hexene

c) para-dinitrobenzene

d) 2-methyl-1-butene

e) 4,5-dimethyl-2-pentyne

3. Name the following organic compounds

4. Functional groups (p.1071,1094)

Circle and name the functional groups which present in the following organic compounds:

Answers

1. Write down the most typical reactions for the following classes of organic compounds:

a) Alkanes (p.1073)

combustion reactions

2C₂H₆ (g) + 7O₂ (g) à 4CO₂ (g) + 6 H₂O (g)

b) Alkenes and Alkynes (p. 1077)

addition, for example, Cl₂

C₂H₄ (g) + Cl₂ (g) à H₂ClC-CClH₂

for cyclic alkenes also addition, for example, of H₂:

C₂H₂ (g) + Cl₂ (g) à HClC=CClH cis- and trans-1,2-dichloroethene

c) Aromatic hydrocarbons (p.1081)

substitution

C₆H₆ + HNO₃ à C₆H₅NO₂ + H₂O

(nitrobenzene)

2.

2-butanol

cis-2-hexene

para-dinitrobenzene

2-methyl-1-butene

4,4-dimethyl-2-hexyne

3.

4. Functional groups

From left to right

top structure: alkene, alkyne, alcohol

middle structure: aldehyde, amine, ketone, carboxylic acid

bottom structure: amide, ether, ester